Sunday, April 28, 2024

Best New Home Design Shops and Pop-Ups in Los Angeles

design on walls of bedroom

If you want a real classic look, or you're keen to take the decor of your period property back to its routes, consider choosing panels with decorative moldings. Hang a series of hooks and put hats on display when not shading you at the beach or while gardening. Not only will their texture add warmth and dimension, but as a bonus, your hats will always be within arm’s reach. It may not be July 4th, but that's no reason not to put your patriotic spirit on full display.

bedroom wall decor ideas to liven up your space

20 Gorgeous Dark Bedrooms Perfect for a Good Night's Sleep - Apartment Therapy

20 Gorgeous Dark Bedrooms Perfect for a Good Night's Sleep.

Posted: Wed, 13 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT [source]

No need to stick with framed prints or mirrors—more unexpected pieces of bedroom wall decor, like these wall-mounted sculptures, can make for a really dynamic, designer moment. If you live and breathe sports, channel your inner sportsperson while deciding on your bedroom wall art. In this room, a wall decal in black of a man playing badminton is set off brilliantly against a baby blue wall. A pendant light hangs right above the decal shedding light on it and ensuring that it is the star attraction of your room.

Mix Dark Wood Tones

“There used to be a line about Los Angeles that everyone was either a screenwriter or an actor,” says Scotti Sitz, owner of L.A. “I think in some respects, you could start to make the case that everyone here is now an interior designer.” Indeed, the city’s design scene has boomed, with new shops and showrooms sprouting up every month. Design scene is equally embracing of the primitive and the cutting-edge, the refined with the unrefined,” says Adam Blackman of Blackman Cruz, on Highland Avenue. Yancey Shearouse, principal designer at Yancey Seibert Shearouse, mixed metallics into this blue-and-white coastal bedroom design, giving it some welcome warmth. Part of what we all love about the coast is the endless sunshine, and you can't capture midday sunlight without the color yellow.

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Hang metallic bedroom wall decor in a sunny spot to maximize the piece’s gleaming finish. Stick to one wall,” advises Molly Torres Portnof of Brooklyn–based DATE Interiors. One can only imagine the visual chaos of three different accent walls in one bedroom (shiplap, wallpaper, and a black accent wall…yikes!).

As well as being cost-effective and sustainable, upcycled scaffolding boards can add an industrial flavor when left a little rough and used. Kim Gordon is a self-taught artist who followed her love of beauty into the business of interior design. Today she collaborates with sunlight, ocean breezes, and local flora to create unique environments for adventurous homeowners in Southern California. Passione is a custom residential and commercial interior design firm owned by Sue and Giampiero Capelli.

design on walls of bedroom

Our favorite design aesthetic to look to for inspiration as soon as the average temperature gets above 60 is the breezy coastal style—not to be confused with the more retro-inspired surf style. While we'd love for our entire house to look like the set of a Nancy Meyers movie, we'd argue that one of the best places to embrace it is where you head to relax. The bedroom wall decor echoes the grey theme through an argyle pattern featuring rhombuses. The simple yet stylish wall decor idea enhances the proportions of the small room.

Plus, we prove that even small layouts can pack a lot of punch with trendy wallpaper, gorgeous greenery or statement artwork to spruce up the space above the bed or even a plain wall. You simply may need a hammer, some nails and a few of your favorite crafting supplies, but even beginners can craft a well-decorated space in no time. No matter if your space is big or small, a feature wall may be just what you need to tie your bedroom design together. The most popular approach is to focus on the wall behind your bed's headboard, since it's typically where the eye is naturally drawn. We've rounded up a range of bedroom wall decor ideas to help you add a finishing touch to elevate your space.

The patterned black and white artwork seems almost to be astronomy inspired completing the night sky effect. A modern bedroom may sound cold and sterile, but the results are often incredibly inviting. With the right elements—including vibrant colors, soft textures, and warm wood furnishings—modern design can feel right at home in a primary suite or guest room. These tranquil retreats take advantage of natural light for a bright and airy feel and pare down furnishings to the essentials to create an uncluttered spot for relaxation. We’ve gathered bedrooms in homes from New York to Hong Kong that use streamlined pieces and minimalist layouts to beautiful effect.

You can hang your own portraits alongside it to create a double effect and if you’re not big on color it will tick the monochromatic box. If you’re a plant parent, chances are you’ve made space in your bedroom for some favorites. Rather than scatter plants throughout the room, hang a shelf above your headboard and organize them using small pots. Choose a shelf that runs the length of the bed and make sure to install it on a stud for sturdiness. Few things are more relaxing than the calming sounds of waves crashing against the shore, and paintings and illustrations of sea life are a great way to add serenity to a bedroom. Realistic depictions in soft, neutral hues will lend the space a soothing touch.

Ashley Gilbreath decorated this bedroom in a more traditional style, bringing in coastal touches through the wallpaper, wall art, wicker basket, and soft color palette. To lean more tropical coastal rather than California coastal, try a blue-and-green color scheme. We often see accent walls in the living room or bedroom, but they can shine in any room of the home, including the powder bath.

Inspired by nature, architecture, and people, Amy designs for functionality, comfort, inspirational style, and luxurious appointment, a look she calls Liveable Luxury. At Borisoff Design Studio, founder Lauren Borisoff and her team pursue stepping boldly and intentionally into the uncharted while tailoring every space to reflect the owner or resident. Through intent listening and years of design experience, the team creates environments that are inspiring and exclusive. Los Angeles-based designer Demitri Sgourakis works globally and is best known for his modern approach to eclectic interiors. His eye for fashion-forward style, combined with his deep knowledge and appreciation for the historical roots of design, result in fresh yet classic creations. Lonni Paul Design has redefined modern notions of beauty and elegance, from unique contemporary spaces to luxury private residences globally.

Rather than settle on a solid shade, create an ombré effect using two different paint colors. Here, design-firm DATE Interiors goes from light to dark — with the darkest shade near the floor. Hang colorful framed art, black-and-white photography, or favorite vintage finds to decorate the walls. Okay, the real reason designer Luke Havekes stuck with this vibrant tile combo was because his client’s home is a rental.

Installing a fun light fixture — particularly set against bold, all-over paint — is a quick and easy way to make a statement in a pinch. We love how the warm rattan pops against the bold black walls and ceiling in the above bedroom — it’s simple but incredibly effective. You can add in just a few simple pieces, as long as you are purposeful and strategic about the size and placement. Your bedroom is a place to relax, unwind and catch some much-needed rest.

Whether you choose an ornate design with detailing or a modern design that’s sleek and round, it’s a piece that will add a decorative quality to your bedroom wall. The right wall decor can make a bedroom feel warm, welcoming, and inspired. The good news is that it's easy to spruce up bedroom walls by scrolling your camera roll and blowing up photography from your latest trip or putting your hat collection to work. A simple piece that you love placed above the bed or dresser might be all you need to punch up your bedroom style.

Hang a botanical print above the bed, then weave in lush patterns and hues as Collected interiors does here. Monique Valeris is the home design director for Good Housekeeping, where she oversees the brand's home decorating coverage across print and digital. In her current role, she explores everything from design trends and home tours to lifestyle product recommendations, including writing her monthly column, "What's in My Cart." Get creative with your placement of an accent wall — it doesn't have to be one of the four main walls. Albert Lansburgh, 1931 The Wiltern’s biggest draw is its marquee—or rather the popular music acts whose names fill it each week.

I can’t tell whether this is a work of art or a home decor piece, so I’m just going to go with both. Made of glazed stoneware for a sturdy construction, this modern set of bookends would work wonderfully in an all-white room. The set is made of both bamboo and steel – bamboo to make it feel more authentic and akin to windows, while the steel ensures it’s heavy-duty enough to keep your books in place.

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house of ludington

The hotel was built in 1864 by a lumber baron named Nelson Gaynor. The new owner, Gabor Zsolnay, lives in Chicago and was seeking someone with local insight and the right vision to handle operations at the historic landmark in downtown Escanaba. That person was Kevin Chown, an Escanaba native whose musical career has allowed him to travel the world and see a number of other hotels and restaurants from a guest’s point of view. It was names after a lumber baron It was originally built out of wood in 1865. In 1883, it was sold, torn down and rebuilt out of brick.

A SANCTUARY BY THE BAY

The first time Zsolnay entered the hotel was in 1958 after fleeing Hungary with his mother. He laid some roots in the Escanaba area and remembers his first meal at the House of Ludington — he was 12 years old and seated in the King George Room. Even after leaving to continue building his American life, the now-retired architect was drawn back to the House of Ludington.

Local News

House of Ludington bar and restaurant now open - WLUC

House of Ludington bar and restaurant now open.

Posted: Thu, 15 Jun 2023 07:00:00 GMT [source]

He said that his intrigue began when he was a child growing up two blocks away. He always knew it as an impressive building that was frequented for occasions like family dinners and class reunions. An interest in history drove him to learn more about the additions and stories layered around the House of Ludington. The House of Ludington has been at its location since 1868. The hotel closed its bar and restaurant for renovations in May of 2022. On Thursday, the hotel reopened its bar and restaurant.

Preserving the history of the past is House of Ludington’s goal

The hotel’s curator and director of operations, Kevin Chown, says the space is home to many emotional memories for folks. We invite you to visit and experience the Historic House of Ludington. You will enjoy the proximity to Escanaba's downtown shopping and dining, Ludington Park, Sand Island beach, Little Bay de Noc and Lake Michigan. Plan a getaway for yourself or gathering for your group, business meeting, wedding, or family reunion.

Make sure your guests will rave about your wedding food when you book your event at the historic House of Ludington. Everything you need to have a beautiful outdoor wedding, any time of year! Our beautiful garden or courtyard is the ideal location. R. R. Branstrom | Daily PressFrom the roof of the House of Ludington, Kevin Chown points to the beacon light atop the iconic turret. The building’s history dates to Escanaba’s heyday as a steamship port.

In the late 1800s proprietor John Christie enlarged the hotel and renamed the establishment the New Ludington Hotel. The other way to learn and preserve our history is to ask a parent, grandparent or great grandparent to tell you what they recall about the Ludington House and their early days. My research tells me that they are named for Nelson Ludington. He was a wealthy lumber baron and owned large tracts of land in Upper Michigan, including Sand Point later to be named Escanaba, dating back to 1851. Call us for more information and reservations or email us. Ludington Bed and Breakfast Association (LBBA) exists to promote warm hospitality, delightful charm, and unique amenities offered at all our association Inns.

house of ludington

Enjoy the historic restaurant at the House of Ludington. Gourmet dining and simple items to take back to your room. Chown also said they have been doing lots of renovation all inside the hotel in preparation for its grand re-opening on June 15. In addition to the cuisine, guests are served with a side of rich history. Get your guests dancing to the music with a professional DJ service or live band. We offer great options and pricing, with bar service choices to fit your budget.

Primary Menu

Come with a sense of curiosity, and leave with unforgettable memories. The House of Ludington restaurant is open Wednesday-Saturday 5-9 p.m. And a separate pub menu is offered on Sundays from noon-6 p.m. Reservations are recommended, but walk-ins are welcomed. We're happy to suggest vendors to help you get started with planning your wedding - it is up to you to research them and decide if they are a good fit for your special day.

Their elegant family photographs including pictures of their many well-trained dogs. Also photographs of a bear and an elephant are favorites. Mr. Ludington’s first “house” or boarding house was actually located on the east bank of the Escanaba River in the Pioneer Trail Park area of today. The doors of the historic House of Ludington are open to tourists, long-term stay, weddings, family reunions, meetings, and more.

Escanaba is located in Delta County in the South central part of the Upper Peninsula. The House of Ludington is located in the downtown, next to the city park (Ludington Park). I think the Ludington Park is the best city park in the Upper Peninsula. Gaynor built the Gaynor House hotel, which he renamed the Ludington House in 1871, after lumberman Nelson Ludington.

house of ludington

Beneath the basement of the hotel, tunnels and prohibition booze are still believed to be buried. Rumors claimed that Al Capone once stayed in the front turret of the building, and the ghost of Pat Hayes still cooks in the wee hours. And if you want to get more connected to the spooky secrets lurking through the building, psychic medium Steve Carter will be hosting a dinner show at the House of Ludington on October 28. More information and tickets can be found at houseofludington.us. A prominent one being that the spirit of one of the most famous owners and chefs of the establishment, Pat Hayes, roams the halls and staircases among many other ghostly friends. But, being a ghost isn’t Pat Hayes’s only claim to fame.

Less alcohol, or none at all, is one path to better health WSB-TV Channel 2 Atlanta

house of liquor

Great on the rocks, this is the one you’ll love shaking into all the best tequila cocktails. Not only is Happy Dad’s Bored Ape Hard Seltzer a great option, but it’s also hip. This hard seltzer offers a sense of luxury and originality to any event thanks to its packaging, which features the recognizable Bored Ape design. This 12-pack of Happy Dad’s Bored Ape Hard Seltzer is the ideal companion, whether you’re spending a chill evening at home or celebrating with friends. The set comes delivered to your door in a beautifully designed Sipsy gift box, making it a great gift for any tequila lover or a treat for yourself.

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Ramirez Liquor hosts three locations in the City of Angels, and this liquor wonderland dating back to 1995 has pretty much everything you can imagine. As far as spirits go, Ramirez scores top marks for its agave section. If you want a snack after purchasing your booze, Yelpers report that Bread and Breakfast — the legendary breakfast burrito joint — is usually parked in the liquor store’s parking lot. The shop also has offerings of gin from Mexico City and an impressive agave selection, as well, which features brands like G4 tequila and El Jolgorio. Sure, K&L’s name has “Wine” in the title, but this shop in the heart of Hollywood has an incredibly diverse spirits selection with reasonable prices. In this series, the Raiders network is breaking down the best liquor stores in some of the U.S.’s biggest and best cities.

Liquor Stores in Los Angeles

(KMOT) - The suspect charged in a crash into a liquor store in Minot in October will serve two years after pleading guilty. One drink is the equivalent of about one 12-ounce can of beer, a 5-ounce glass of wine or a shot of liquor. Other studies challenge the idea that alcohol has benefits.

High school teacher accused of having sexual relationship with student, buying alcohol for students at bars

house of liquor

Huffman said she's confident the police investigation will show the restaurant is "not at fault." But Saine didn’t respond to a direct follow-up question about whether he had been in Kentucky tasting bourbon in the past few days. An employee inside was impaled in the crash but survived, largely due to life-saving efforts from first responders according to her family. "People my age are way more accepting of it," said Tessa Weber, 28, of Austin, Texas. She stopped drinking for Dry January this year because she'd noticed alcohol was increasing her anxiety. She liked the results — better sleep, more energy — and has stuck with it.

Michigan woman charged in boat club crash that killed 2 children released on bond

Feel free to cozy up to the bar and sample one of their wine flights featuring selections of red, white and orange wines before choosing to take some bottles home with you. The shop hosts fine wine auctions, where they inspect bottles and make sure they have legitimate provenance, so one can rest assured about purchasing collector wines and spirits from this store. Dodds filed a lawsuit against Chidester and the restaurant that police say Chidester was drinking at earlier in the day of the crash. The business temporarily closed after the crash due to the police investigation. According to the anonymous poster, some in the group of about 30 people appeared to be inebriated from drinking prior to arriving at the distillery.

house of liquor

People who report drinking moderately tend to have higher levels of education, higher incomes and better access to health care, Naimi said. With sipsy, you can order drinks online and have them delivered to your door within 30 minutes. Orderville is an aggressive, fragrant IPA that blends the fruit-forward character of Mosaic hops with resinous stickiness from a mélange of dank hops. The resulting beer is immensely rad, with an unmistakable bangin’ aroma and a fully saturated hop flavor and finish. The cracker-dry body keeps the focus squarely on the massive, incredibly delicious hop character, inviting your taste buds to join a drum circle of flavor in a magical forest of hops.

Though it may seem counterintuitive, Lewin-Karras said that the personal freedom that comes from participation in managed-use alcohol programs sometimes has the effect of lowering residents’ alcohol use. Our Ride On West Coast IPA brings together our Brewers’ love of aromatic hops and distinctive flavors to make an IPA perfect to take anywhere. Bursting with stone fruit & tropical flavors of apricot, peach, & guava with a crisp hoppy finish, this West Coast IPA is not to be missed. All of the Espolòn  start with Espolòn Blanco. Unaged, Blanco is the purest expression of Espolòn tequila. Created in the famed hills of Los Altos, our Blanco tequila is double distilled using column and pot stills to give it a perfectly smooth and balanced taste profile.

Not everyone understands the managed alcohol approach, May said. It can be controversial with those who prefer an abstinence-based approach to treatment. Sipsy is a local alcohol delivery service, not a massive 3rd party platform like Postmates or UberEats.

New York State Limit on Liquor At Home? - wyrk.com

New York State Limit on Liquor At Home?.

Posted: Wed, 10 Apr 2024 07:00:00 GMT [source]

— The bill would write into law that airlines must pay a refund to customers for flight delays – at three hours for a domestic flight and six for an international one. The Transportation Department issued a similar regulation last week, but laws are harder for future administrations to change. — The Transportation Department will create a “dashboard” so consumers can compare seat sizes on all the airlines, but lawmakers stopped short of setting a minimum size. United Airlines — which dominates less-convenient Dulles Airport, 25 miles west of the nation's capital — opposed the idea. Lawmakers from Virginia and Maryland said Monday they were “deeply frustrated” at the provision, arguing that National is already too busy.

Inspired by memories of hosting friends at Hudson’s former home on King Street in New York City, King St. Vodka is a welcome invitation for all to get together over a cocktail, share stories and celebrate life. Kate Hudson wanted to create a spirit for every experience; one that represented quality and fun, and is perfect for toasting all of life’s most celebratory occasions, or simply enjoying a cocktail with a good friend. Bottled at 92 proof, the Lagavulin Offerman Edition Caribbean Rum Cask Finish Scotch Whisky offers a robust yet refined tasting experience.

These studies compare people with a gene variant that makes it unpleasant to drink to people without the gene variant. People with the variant tend to drink very little or not at all. One of these studies found people with the gene variant have a lower risk of heart disease — another blow to the idea that alcohol protects people from heart problems. Having this opportunity is important for the men who live in these programs, said Emilia Lewin-Karras, Catholic Charities Twin Cities director of supportive housing. These are people who’ve faced hard times, she said, men who often feel like the rest of the world has given up on them. May, who also works as a radiologist, got the idea for “Wet House” after encountering some Glenwood residents when he was working in a Minneapolis emergency room.

That advice was considered and rejected when the federal recommendations came out in 2020. Drinking raises the risk of several types of cancer, including colon, liver, breast and mouth and throat. Alcohol breaks down in the body into a substance called acetaldehyde, which can damage your cells and stop them from repairing themselves. That creates the conditions for cancer to grow. From Dry January to Sober October to bartenders getting creative with non-alcoholic cocktails, there's a cultural vibe that supports cutting back. Guidelines vary a lot from country to country but the overall trend is toward drinking less.

You order your favorite drinks online through our website and within 30 minutes one of our awesome drivers will show up at your door with you liquor, beer, wine, snacks or any of our other 1,400+ products we offer. This is why Sipsy is rated as the best alcohol delivery service in LA as featured in DoLA. Mezcal Campante is a small-batch, award-winning, premium artisanal mezcal, steeped in heritage and craftsmanship. Made from a unique ensamble of the finest selected Espadin and Barril agave, grown in the rich and fertile soils of Oaxaca, Mexico. Distilled twice to guarantee an exceptional smooth finish, this perfectly balanced spirit is lightly smoky making it delightfully drinkable and versatile.

They pointed to a close call there between two planes earlier in April, calling it a “flashing red warning light." The House said no, but a Senate committee approved 10 flights, or five round trips — and that made it into the final bill. In the end, negotiators dropped a House provision raising the mandatory retirement age for airline pilots to 67; it will remain at 65. A GoFundMe for the family was linked at the club's website and raised over $224,000 as of Thursday. The funds will go toward funeral and burial costs, as well as future medical and other incurred expenses as the family mourns. Angie Huffman, who said her mother owns the restaurant, confirmed in an email to the Free Press that Chidester visited the restaurant at 11 a.m., saying she had one glass of wine and a bowl of soup.

We now offer tobacco delivery as well so you can get cigarette delivery or vape delivery along with your alcohol. We are the only alcohol delivery service in Los Angeles that won’t charge you high fees.Same in-store prices, without the in-store hassle (or germs). That idea came from imperfect studies comparing groups of people by how much they drink. Usually, consumption was measured at one point in time. And none of the studies randomly assigned people to drink or not drink, so they couldn’t prove cause and effect.

Perfect mezcal to served neat, on the rocks, with soda or in a cocktail of choice. Angry Orchard Peach Mango Hard Cider has the crisp, fresh apple flavor you expect from Angry Orchard, combined with delicious, vibrant flavors from fresh fruit. The incredible smell peaches and mangos is what you’ll notice first, and then its slightly sweet taste, mouth-watering juiciness, and refreshing finish will leave you wanting more! Sip after sip, sweet counters bitter as the malt arrives on cue to complement a base of roasted barley. Just as the unmistakable white head sits flush atop the dark beer, so do the flavors counter and combine perfectly. Bud Light is a premium beer with incredible drink-ability that has made it a top selling American beer that everybody knows and loves.

Saturday, April 27, 2024

Blocking statistics Wikipedia

block design in statistics

Next we can do the appropriate analysis for the fertilizer, recognizing that all the p-values for the plot effects are nonsense and should be ignored. Introduction to Statistics is our premier online video course that teaches you all of the topics covered in introductory statistics. Statology is a site that makes learning statistics easy by explaining topics in simple and straightforward ways. Our team of writers have over 40 years of experience in the fields of Machine Learning, AI and Statistics. For example, suppose researchers want to understand the effect that a new diet has on weight less.

Introduction to Time Series

The correct model specification contains the blocking factor before the treatment factor in the formula, and is y~block+drug for our example. This model adjusts treatments for blocks and the analysis is identical to an intra-block analysis for random block factors. The model y~drug+block, on the other hand, yields an entirely different ANOVA table and an incorrect \(F\)-test, as we discussed in Section 6.5. Each treatment occurs only once per block, and the variations due to interactions and residuals are completely confounded.

Example 8-10: Rice Data (Experimental Design)

If the experimenter focuses exclusively on the differences between treatments, the effects due to variations between the different blocks should be eliminated. Interpretation of the coefficients of the corresponding models, residualanalysis, etc. is done “as usual.” The only difference is that we do not test theblock factor for statistical significance, but for efficiency. Instead of a single treatment factor, we can also have a factorial treatmentstructure within every block. When I analyze the fertilizer, I have 32 experimental units (the thing I have applied my treatment to), but when analyzing the effect of irrigation, I only have 8 experimental units. A non-blocked way to run this experiment would be to run each of the twelve experimental wafers, in random order, one per furnace run. That would increase the experimental error of each resistivity measurement by the run-to-run furnace variability and make it more difficult to study the effects of the different dosages.

Table of contents

The calculator reports that the probability that F is greater than 4.4 equals about 0.04. To answer these questions, the researcher uses analysis of variance. Minitab’s General Linear Command handles random factors appropriately as long as you are careful to select which factors are fixed and which are random. The sequential sums of squares (Seq SS) for block is not the same as the Adj SS.

Lowering the thermal noise barrier in functional brain mapping with magnetic resonance imaging - Nature.com

Lowering the thermal noise barrier in functional brain mapping with magnetic resonance imaging.

Posted: Mon, 30 Aug 2021 07:00:00 GMT [source]

First we have 6 blocks and we’ll replicate the exact same experiment in each block. Within a block, we’ll split it into three sections, which we’ll call plots (within the block). We are interested in how a mouse responds to five different materials inserted into subcutaneous tissue to evaluate the materials’ use in medicine.

Interactions between climate change, urban infrastructure and mobility are driving dengue emergence in Vietnam - Nature.com

Interactions between climate change, urban infrastructure and mobility are driving dengue emergence in Vietnam.

Posted: Mon, 11 Dec 2023 08:00:00 GMT [source]

The vertical dispersion of the lines indicates that enzyme levels within each litter are systematically different from those in other litters. To be effective, blocking requires that we find some property by which we can group our experimental units such that variances within each group are smaller than between groups. Here is an actual data example for a design balanced for carryover effects. In this example the subjects are cows and the treatments are the diets provided for the cows. Using the two Latin squares we have three diets A, B, and C that are given to 6 different cows during three different time periods of six weeks each, after which the weight of the milk production was measured. The RCBD utilizes an additive model – one in which there is no interaction between treatments and blocks.

block design in statistics

However, in practice only one or two are typically used since more blocking factors requires larger sample sizes to derive significant results. An alternate way of summarizing the design trials would be to use a 4x3 matrix whose 4 rows are the levels of the treatment X1 and whose columns are the 3 levels of the blocking variable X2. The cells in the matrix have indices that match the X1, X2 combinations above. In our previous diet pills example, a blocking factor could be the sex of a patient. And within each of the two blocks, we can randomly assign the patients to either the diet pill (treatment) or placebo pill (control). By blocking on sex, this source of variability is controlled, therefore, leading to greater interpretation of how the diet pills affect weight loss.

Randomized block design still uses ANOVA analysis, called randomized block ANOVA. When participants are placed into a block, we anticipate them to be homogeneous on the control variable, or the blocking variable. In other words, there should be less variability within each block on the control variable, compared to the variability in the entire sample if there were no control variable. Less within-block variability reduces the error term and makes estimate of the treatment effect more robust or efficient, compared to without the blocking variable. Several blocking factors can be combined in a design by nesting—allowing estimation of each blocking factor’s contribution to variance reduction—or crossing—allowing simultaneous removal of several independent sources of variation.

Such interaction is likely caused by other biologically relevant factors that influence the effect of (some) treatments but that have not been accounted for in our experiment and analysis. To do a crossover design, each subject receives each treatment at one time in some order. So, one of its benefits is that you can use each subject as its own control, either as a paired experiment or as a randomized block experiment, the subject serves as a block factor. The smallest crossover design which allows you to have each treatment occurring in each period would be a single Latin square. Often blocking variables are not the variables that we are primarily interested in, but must nevertheless be considered.

For example, consider if the drug was a diet pill and the researchers wanted to test the effect of the diet pills on weight loss. The explanatory variable is the diet pill and the response variable is the amount of weight loss. Although the sex of the patient is not the main focus of the experiment—the effect of the drug is—it is possible that the sex of the individual will affect the amount of weight lost. The Quantitative Reasoning requirement is designed to ensure that students graduate with basic understanding and competency in math, statistics, or computer science. The requirement may be satisfied by exam or by taking an approved course. Learn how to form questions and gather data to explore those questions.

Essentially, this fully crosses the latin square with a new blocking factor and leads to the model specification y ~ drug + Error(rep+device+tech) or y ~ drug + (1|rep) + (1|device) + (1|tech) for Figure 7.15F. Linear mixed models and ‘traditional’ analysis of variance use the same linear model to analyze data from a given design. Their main difference is the way they handle models with multiple variance components. Linear mixed models use different techniques for estimation of the model’s parameters that make use of all available information. Variance estimates are directly available, and linear mixed models do not suffer from problems with unbalanced group sizes. Colloquially, we can say that the analysis of variance approach provides a convenient framework to phrase design questions, while the linear mixed model provides a more general tool for the subsequent analysis.

Other non-statistics UC Berkeley courses, such as IND ENG 172 and EECS 126, cannot be used to fulfill this requirement. Below is a list of sample clusters for students to consider if they would like an idea of courses to combine for their cluster based on a topic of interest. Economics and Business courses are treated as though they are in the same department for purposes of evaluating clusters.

The department has particular strength in Machine Learning, a key ingredient of the emerging field of Data Science. It is also very useful to combine studies of statistics and probability with other subjects. Our department excels at interdisciplinary science, and more than half of the department's undergraduate students are double or triple majors. We note that the sum of squares and the mean square estimates are slightly larger than for the aov() analysis, because the between-block information is taken into account. This provides more power and results in a slightly larger value of the \(F\)-statistic.

The fact that you are missing a point is reflected in the estimate of error. Before high-speed computing, data imputation was often done because the ANOVA computations are more readily done using a balanced design. There are times where imputation is still helpful but in the case of a two-way or multiway ANOVA we generally will use the General Linear Model (GLM) and use the full and reduced model approach to do the appropriate test. Generally the unexplained error in the model will be larger, and therefore the test of the treatment effect less powerful. Another way to think about this is that a complete replicate of the basic experiment is conducted in each block.

Each treatment occurs exactly once per row and once per column and the latin square design imposes two simultaneous constraints on the randomization of drugs on mice. We can think about creating a blocked design by starting from a completely randomized design and ‘splitting’ the experimental unit factor into a blocking and a nested (potentially new) unit factor. Two examples are shown in Figure 7.3, starting from the CRD (Figure 7.3A) randomly allocating drug treatments on mice. In the first RCBD (Figure 7.3B), we create a blocking factor ‘above’ the original experimental unit factor and group mice by their litters. In the second RCBD (Figure 7.3C), we subdivide the experimental unit into smaller units by taking multiple samples per mouse.

Chapter 12 Block Designs Statistical Methods II

block design in statistics

You'll also learn about some investigative techniques, including sampling, survey methods, observational studies, and basic experimental design. Another application of reference designs is the screening of several new treatments against a standard treatment. In this case, selected treatments might be compared among each other in a subsequent experiment, and removal of unpromising candidates in the first round might reduce these later efforts. With our first cow, during the first period, we give it a treatment or diet and we measure the yield. Obviously, you don't have any carryover effects here because it is the first period.

Mean Squares

This design allows us to fully remove thebetween-block variability, e.g., variability between different locations, fromthe response because it can be explained by the block factor. In that sense, blocking is a so-calledvariance reduction technique. It is straightforward to extend an RCBD from a single treatment factor to factorial treatment structures by crossing the entire treatment structure with the blocking factor.

block design in statistics

2 - RCBD and RCBD's with Missing Data

Is the period effect in the first square the same as the period effect in the second square? If it only means order and all the cows start lactating at the same time it might mean the same. But if some of the cows are done in the spring and others are done in the fall or summer, then the period effect has more meaning than simply the order. Although this represents order it may also involve other effects you need to be aware of this. A Case 3 approach involves estimating separate period effects within each square. The Greek letters each occur one time with each of the Latin letters.

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The potential of implementing superblocks for multifunctional street use in cities.

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3.5 A Real-Life Example—Between-Plates Variability

This factor organizes the experimental units into groups, and treatment contrasts can be calculated within each group before averaging over groups. This effectively removes the variation captured by the blocking factor from any treatment comparisons. If experimental units are more similar within the same group than between groups, then this strategy can lead to substantial increase in precision and power, without increasing the sample size. The price we pay is slightly larger organizational effort to create the groups, randomize the treatments independently within each group, and to keep track of which experimental unit belongs to which group for the subsequent analysis.

block design in statistics

This is a Case 2 where the column factor, the cows are nested within the square, but the row factor, period, is the same across squares. The simplest case is where you only have 2 treatments and you want to give each subject both treatments. Here as with all crossover designs we have to worry about carryover effects. This property has an impact on how we calculate means and sums of squares, and for this reason, we can not use the balanced ANOVA command in Minitab even though it looks perfectly balanced. We will see later that although it has the property of orthogonality, you still cannot use the balanced ANOVA command in Minitab because it is not complete.

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Cortical network responses map onto data-driven features that capture visual semantics of movie fragments Scientific ....

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2.4 Evaluating and Choosing a Blocking Factor

In specifying a linear mixed model, we use terms of the form (1|X) to introduce a random offset for each level of the factor X; this construct replaces the Error()-term from aov(). The fixed effect part of the model specification remains unaltered. For our example, the model specification is then y~drug+(1|litter), which asks for a fixed effect (\(\alpha_i\)) for each level of Drug, and allows a random offset (\(b_j\)) for each litter. The single design we looked at so far is the completely randomized design (CRD) where we only have a single factor. In the CRD setting we simply randomly assign the treatments to the available experimental units in our experiment.

For instance, if you had a plot of land the fertility of this land might change in both directions, North -- South and East -- West due to soil or moisture gradients. As we shall see, Latin squares can be used as much as the RCBD in industrial experimentation as well as other experiments. Without the blocking variable, ANOVA has two parts of variance, SS intervention and SS error. All variance that can't be explained by the independent variable is considered error. By adding the blocking variable, we partition out some of the error variance and attribute it to the blocking variable.

Therefore we partition our subjects by gender and from there into age classes. Thus we have a block of subjects that is defined by the combination of factors, gender and age class. In this case, we would have four rows, one for each of the four varieties of rice. In this case, we have five columns, one for each of the five blocks. In each block, for each treatment, we are going to observe a vector of variables. This kind of design is used to minimize the effects of systematic error.

If we want to analyze data from an RCBD, we need to assume that the block-by-treatment interaction is negligible. We can then merge the interaction and residual factors and use the sum of their variation for estimating the residual variance (Fig. 7.2D). We continue with our example of how three drug treatments in combination with two diets affect enzyme levels in mice. To keep things simple, we only consider the low fat diet for the moment, so the treatment structure only contains Drug with three levels. Our aim is to improve the precision of contrast estimates and increase the power of the omnibus \(F\)-test.

The error is more dependent on the specific conditions that exist for performing the experiment. For instance, if the protocol is complicated and training the operators so they can conduct all four becomes an issue of resources then this might be a reason why you would bring these operators to three different factories. It depends on the conditions under which the experiment is going to be conducted. The numerator of the F-test, for the hypothesis you want to test, should be based on the adjusted SS's that is last in the sequence or is obtained from the adjusted sums of squares. That will be very close to what you would get using the approximate method we mentioned earlier.

Once the data are recorded, we are interested in quantifying how ‘good’ the blocking performed in the experiment. This information would allow us to better predict the expected residual variance for a power analysis of our next experiment and to determine if we should continue using the blocking factor. The omnibus \(F\)-test for the treatment factor provides clear evidence that the drugs affect the enzyme levels differently and the differences in average enzyme levels between drugs is about 85 times larger than the residual variance. Situations where you should use a Latin Square are where you have a single treatment factor and you have two blocking or nuisance factors to consider, which can have the same number of levels as the treatment factor. This is a simple extension of the basic model that we had looked at earlier. The row and column and treatment all have the same parameters, the same effects that we had in the single Latin square.

We use the usual aov function with a model including the two main effectsblock and variety. It is good practice to write the block factor first; incase of unbalanced data, we would get the effect of variety adjusted for blockin the sequential type I output of summary, see Section 4.2.5and also Chapter 8. You might have a design where you apply even more levels of nesting. Suppose you have a green house study where you have rooms where you can apply a temperature treatment, within the room you have four tables and can apply a light treatment to each table. Finally within each table you can have four trays where can apply a soil treatment to each tray. This is a continuation of the split-plot design and by extending the nesting we can develop split-split-plot and split-split-split-plot designs.

For a complete block design, we would have each treatment occurring one time within each block, so all entries in this matrix would be 1's. For an incomplete block design, the incidence matrix would be 0's and 1's simply indicating whether or not that treatment occurs in that block. The dataset oatvar in the faraway library contains information about an experiment on eight different varieties of oats. Within each block, the researchers created eight plots and randomly assigned a variety to a plot.

Monday, April 1, 2024

Costa Concordia disaster Wikipedia

italian cruise ship sink

I began swimming, but every 50 feet I would stop and look back. I could hear the ship creaking and was scared that it would fall on top of me if it capsized completely. I swam for a few minutes and reached the island.” She sat on a wet rock and exhaled. Claudio Masia, a 49-year-old Italian, waiting with his wife, their two children, and his elderly parents, lost patience. “I am not ashamed to say that I pushed people and used my fists to secure a place” for his wife and children, he later told an Italian newspaper. Returning for his parents, Masia had to carry his mother, who was in her 80s, into a boat.

years later, Costa Concordia survivors share their stories from doomed cruise ship

Before leaving port, Captain Schettino set a course for Savona, on the Italian Riviera, 250 miles to the northwest. As the ship steamed into the Tyrrhenian, Schettino headed to dinner with Cemortan, telling an officer to alert him when the Concordia closed within five miles of the island of Giglio, 45 miles northwest. Later, a passenger would claim he saw Schettino and his friend polish off a decanter of red wine while eating, but the story was never confirmed.

Escape: The Wreck of the Costa Concordia, Part 4

Dozens of boats had gathered, about 60 feet below—the Coast Guard later counted 44 different craft in use by dawn—but there was no easy route to them. The wreck of the Costa Concordia is many things to many people. To Italians, who dominated the ship’s officer ranks and made up a third of its passengers, it is a national embarrassment; once the pinnacle of Mediterranean hedonism, the Concordia was now sprawled dead on the rocks in a cold winter sea. Almost immediately questions were raised concerning the conduct of Schettino and other crew officers.

Escape: The Wreck of the Costa Concordia, Part 3

The moment crewmen began opening the lifeboat gates, chaos broke out. Schettino argued that he fell into a lifeboat because of how the ship was listing to one side, but this argument proved unconvincing. In 2015, a court found Schettino guilty of manslaughter, causing a shipwreck, abandoning ship before passengers and crew were evacuated and lying to authorities about the disaster. In addition to Schettino, Ferrarini and Rusli Bin, the other people who received convictions for their role in the disaster were Cabin Service Director Manrico Giampedroni, First Officer Ciro Ambrosio and Third Officer Silvia Coronica.

Collision and rescue

italian cruise ship sink

The hospitality of the tight-knit community of islanders kicked in, at first to give basic assistance to the 4,229 passengers and crew members who had to be evacuated from a listing vessel as high as a skyscraper. In no time, Giglio residents hosted thousands of journalists, law enforcement officers and rescue experts who descended on the port. In the months to come, salvage teams set up camp in the picturesque harbor to work on safely removing the ship, an operation that took more than two years to complete. Because the Concordia was listing to starboard, it eventually became all but impossible to lower boats from the port side, the side facing open water; they would just bump against lower decks. As a result, the vast majority of those who evacuated the ship by lifeboat departed from the starboard side. By the time Schettino called to abandon ship, roughly 2,000 people had been standing on Deck 4 for an hour or more, waiting.

Captain Schettino and the sinking of the Costa Concordia - video report - The Guardian

Captain Schettino and the sinking of the Costa Concordia - video report.

Posted: Wed, 11 Feb 2015 08:00:00 GMT [source]

Costa Concordia captain begins appeal against conviction

10 years later, Costa Concordia survivors share their stories from doomed cruise ship - TODAY

10 years later, Costa Concordia survivors share their stories from doomed cruise ship.

Posted: Wed, 12 Jan 2022 08:00:00 GMT [source]

But after eight years in the U.S. and then Italian court system, they lost their case.

Escape: The Wreck of the Costa Concordia, Part 6

The stern side would fall suddenly by three feet, then the bow by two feet; port and starboard would tilt sharply to one side or the other. They couldn’t figure out what they were doing.” Eventually, to Smith’s dismay, the crewmen simply gave up, cranked the lifeboat back up to the deck, and herded all the passengers back onto the ship. Costa Concordia disaster, the capsizing of an Italian cruise ship on January 13, 2012, after it struck rocks off the coast of Giglio Island in the Tyrrhenian Sea. More than 4,200 people were rescued, though 32 people died in the disaster.

Airlifted to a mainland hospital, Giampedroni was the last person taken off the ship alive. I larione Dell’Anna, the dapper admiral in charge of Coast Guard rescue operations in Livorno, meets me on a freezing evening outside a columned seaside mansion in the coastal city of La Spezia. Inside, waiters in white waistcoats are busy laying out long tables lined with antipasti and flutes of champagne for a naval officers’ reception. Dell’Anna, wearing a blue dress uniform with a star on each lapel, takes a seat on a corner sofa. During this time, work also began to remove the vessel in what was the largest maritime salvage operation in history. It was not until September 2013 that the 114,000-ton Concordia was finally righted.

But when it deviated from its planned path to sail closer to the island of Giglio, the ship struck a reef known as the Scole Rocks. The impact damaged the ship, allowing water to seep in and putting the 4,229 people on board in danger. Costa Concordia was declared a "constructive total loss" by the cruise line's insurer, and her salvage was "one of the biggest maritime salvage operations". On 16 September 2013, the parbuckle salvage of the ship began, and by the early hours of 17 September, the ship was set upright on her underwater cradle. In July 2014, the ship was refloated using sponsons (flotation tanks) welded to her sides, and was towed 320 kilometres (200 mi) to her home port of Genoa for scrapping, which was completed in July 2017.

The lifeboats wouldn't drop down because the ship was tilted on its side, leaving hundreds of passengers stranded on the side of the ship for hours in the cold. People were left to clamber down a rope ladder over a distance equivalent to 11 stories. GIGLIO, Italy — Ten years have passed since the Costa Concordia cruise ship slammed into a reef and capsized off the Tuscan island of Giglio. Whether or not Captain Francesco Schettino was trying to impress his girlfriend is debatable. The wreck was not the fault of unexpected weather or ship malfunction—it was a disaster caused entirely by a series of human errors. NBC News correspondent Kelly Cobiella caught up with a group of survivors on TODAY Wednesday, a decade after they escaped a maritime disaster that claimed the lives of 32 people.

Ten years after the deadly Costa Concordia cruise line disaster in Italy, survivors still vividly remember scenes of chaos they say were like something straight out of the movie "Titanic." “It was a night that, in addition to being a tragedy, had a beautiful side because the response of the people was a spontaneous gesture that was appreciated around the world,” Ortelli said. Mr Metcalf, from Dorset, told the BBC his daughter had phoned to say she was safe but that she had feared she would have to jump into the sea.

It was enormous, just at the surface, crowned with frothing white water; he was so close to Giglio he could see it by the town’s lights. The Concordia first sailed into the Tyrrhenian Sea, from a Genoese shipyard, in 2005; at the time it was Italy’s largest cruise ship. When it was christened, the champagne bottle had failed to break, an ominous portent to superstitious mariners.

The MS Costa Concordia, the Italian cruise ship that killed 32 people when it sank off the coast off Isola del Giglio in 2012, has just been sitting off the Tuscan coast ever since. This morning, though, the ship was successfully refloated, the Guardian reports. Environmentalists are relieved since the ship has been marring a marine sanctuary for more than two years, while local residents say they are looking forward to no longer having to see a giant wreck each time they look out to sea. The sad anniversary comes as the cruise industry, shut down in much of the world for months because of the coronavirus pandemic, is once again in the spotlight because of COVID-19 outbreaks that threaten passenger safety.

Ray Suarez discusses some of the legal and safety issues stemming from the disaster with longtime travel writer Rudy Maxa, currently the host of "Rudy Maxa's World" on PBS, and Richard Alsina, a lawyer specializing in maritime law. GIGLIO, Italy (AP) — Ten years have passed since the Costa Concordia cruise ship slammed into a reef and capsized off the Tuscan island of Giglio. But for the passengers on board and the residents who welcomed them ashore, the memories of that harrowing, freezing night remain vividly etched into their minds. Somehow, Smith saw, they had to get closer to the boats. The only obvious way down was along the outer hull, now tilted at a steep angle. It was like a giant slippery slide, but one Smith could see was far too dangerous to use.

Few of the 500-odd residents of the fishermen’s village will ever forget the freezing night of Jan. 13, 2012, when the Costa Concordia shipwrecked, killing 32 people and upending life on the island for years. The total cost of the disaster, including victims' compensation, refloating, towing and scrapping costs, is estimated at $2 billion, more than three times the ship's $612 million construction cost. Costa Cruises offered compensation to passengers (to a limit of €11,000 per person) to pay for all damages, including the value of the cruise; one third of the survivors took the offer.

10 years later, Costa Concordia survivors share their stories from doomed cruise ship

italian cruise ship sink

Around nine Schettino rose and, with Cemortan in tow, returned to the bridge. Schettino was convicted of multiple manslaughter as well as abandoning ship after leaving before all the passengers had reached safety. "There was really a melee there is the best way to describe it," he told Cobiella. "It's very similar to the movie 'Titanic.' People were jumping onto the top of the lifeboats and pushing down women and children to try to get to them." Passengers struggled to escape in the darkness, clambering to get to the life boats.

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How Many Cruise Ships Have Sunk in History? - Cruise Hive

How Many Cruise Ships Have Sunk in History?.

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Prosecutors had sought a 26-year jail term but the court sentenced Schettino to 10 years for multiple manslaughter, five years for causing the shipwreck and one year for abandoning his passengers. The captain of the Italian cruise ship Costa Concordia has been found guilty of manslaughter and sentenced to 16 years in prison. The chief executive of the ship’s owners, Costa Cruises, on Monday blamed human error by Schettino for the disaster. Pier Luigi Foschi told a news conference the company would provide its captain with any assistance he required. “But we need to acknowledge the facts and we cannot deny human error,” he added.

Costa Concordia captain begins appeal against conviction

The final mad scramble to evacuate the listing liner and then the extraordinary generosity of Giglio islanders who offered shoes, sweatshirts and shelter until the sun rose and passengers were ferried to the mainland. Mr Ordona said his colleagues and passengers were waiting to use lifeboats but the change in the direction the boat was sinking prompted them to seek lifeboats on the other side of the ship. It happened on Friday evening and marked the start of hours of panic among the 4,000 people on board the cruise ship.

Securing wreck site and protecting environment

The calamity caused changes in the cruise industry like carrying more lifejackets and holding emergency drills before leaving port. With Giglio Island lying in a protected marine area, environmental issues relating to the Concordia wreck were of particular concern. The vessel was on the edge of an underwater cliff, leading to worries that the ship might slip and break apart, causing an oil spill. To lessen any potential damage, oil booms were placed around the wreckage, and in February 2012 salvage workers began removing more than 2,000 tons of fuel; the undertaking was completed the following month. Following the conclusion of the righting operation, the ship was kept on the platform while further inspections were made and the starboard sponsons attached.

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Somehow, though, no one found poor Manrico Giampedroni, the hotel director, who remained perched on a table above the water in the Milano Restaurant. He could hear the emergency crews and banged a saucepan to get their attention, but it was no use. When the water rose, he managed to crawl to a dry wall. He stayed there all day Saturday, his broken leg throbbing, sipping from cans of Coke and a bottle of Cognac he found floating by. It took three hours to lift him from his watery perch.

Striking photos as sinking cruise ship Costa Concordia lies in shallow waters

italian cruise ship sink

He slammed into a wall about 15 feet down, then tumbled down what felt like half the ship, finally landing, ominously, in seawater up to his neck. He felt a stabbing pain in his left leg; it was broken in two places. When his eyes adjusted to the darkness, he realized he was inside the restaurant, now a vast, freezing swimming pool jammed with floating tables and chairs.

italian cruise ship sink

Worsening weather and heavy seas earlier made the wreck slip on the rocky underwater slope where it is lodged off the island of Giglio and rescue teams were evacuated. Costa Concordia cruise ship that ran aground off the west coast of Italy, at Giglio island. Rescuers were painstakingly checking thousands of cabins on the Italian liner for 16 people still unaccounted for out of the 4,200 who were on board. As he walked, Giampedroni tapped on the doors now at his feet, listening for responses that never came. He didn’t bother trying any of them; they all opened from the inside. He had just stepped on a door outside the Milano Restaurant when, to his dismay, it gave way.

The Costa Concordia Disaster: How Human Error Made It Worse HISTORY - History

The Costa Concordia Disaster: How Human Error Made It Worse HISTORY.

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For Concordia survivor Georgia Ananias, the COVID-19 infections are just the latest evidence that passenger safety still isn’t a top priority for the cruise ship industry. Passengers aboard the Concordia were largely left on their own to find life jackets and a functioning lifeboat after the captain steered the ship close too shore in a stunt. He then delayed an evacuation order until it was too late, with lifeboats unable to lower because the ship was listing too heavily.

"The boat started shaking. The noise - there was panic, like in a film, dishes crashing to the floor, people running, people falling down the stairs," said survivor Fulvio Rocci. The passenger said people were told there were electrical problems. His lawyers had argued that it was a collective failure of the ship's crew and others should share the blame for the disaster.

The 19-hour process involved specially built underwater platforms, cranes, and some 500 people. In July 2014 the Concordia—outfitted with a number of steel containers serving as flotation devices—was towed to Genoa, Italy, where it was dismantled for scrap. “Every one of us here has a tragic memory from then,” said Mario Pellegrini, 59, who was deputy mayor in 2012 and was the first civilian to climb onto the cruise ship after it struck the rocks near the lighthouses at the port entrance. Ortelli was later on hand when, in September 2013, the 115,000-ton, 1,000-foot long cruise ship was righted vertical off its seabed graveyard in an extraordinary feat of engineering. The blackout after the ship's engine room flooded and its generators failed. Through the confusion, the captain somehow made it into a lifeboat before everyone else had made it off.

The Costa Concordia cruise ship ran aground off the west coast of Italy, at Giglio Island on Friday. When the lifeboat was finally stabilized, the crewmen slowly helped the others off the rope. A half-hour or so after his last call from the Coast Guard, a rescue boat plucked Schettino from his rock and ferried him to the harbor. He talked to the police for a bit, then found a priest, who later said the captain, in a daze, cried for a very long time.

Seawater was exploding into the engine room and was fast cascading through areas holding all the ship’s engines and generators. The lower decks are divided into giant compartments; if four flood, the ship will sink. There are going to be substantial risks before the Costa Concordia is gone for good, however. As CNN writes, the ship's rotting hull could break off as it is jostled about, which would cause lengthy delays.

For the next half-hour or so, lifeboats shuttled people into the harbor. When a few returned to the starboard side, scores of passengers marooned on the port side sprinted through darkened passageways to cross the ship and reach them. Amanda Warrick, an 18-year-old Boston-area student, lost her footing on the slanting, slippery deck and fell down a small stairwell, where she found herself in knee-deep water. “That was pretty scary.” Somehow, carrying a laptop computer and a bulky camera, she managed to scramble 50 feet across the deck and jump into a waiting boat. By the time Giglio’s deputy mayor, Mario Pellegrini, reached the harbor, townspeople had begun to collect on its stone esplanade.

“We’re all looking at the ship, trying to figure out what happened,” he recalls. “We thought it must be an engine breakdown of some kind. Then we saw the lifeboats dropping down, and the first ones began to arrive in the port.” Local schools and the church were opened, and the first survivors were hustled inside and given blankets.

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